The term "periodontal" originates from "around the tooth." Periodontal disease targets both the gums and the bone providing support to the teeth. Plaque, a sticky amalgam of food debris, bacteria, and saliva, serves as the primary culprit. If left unaddressed, plaque solidifies into calculus, commonly known as tartar. As plaque and calculus accumulate, they instigate the degradation of gums and bone. This disease manifests through symptoms like redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gums.

Surprisingly, four out of five individuals suffer from periodontal disease without realizing it, primarily because early stages are typically painless. This ailment not only ranks as the leading cause of tooth loss but research suggests it may also have links to other conditions such as stroke, bacterial pneumonia, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and increased pregnancy risks. Scientists explore potential connections between inflammation and bacteria from periodontal disease and these systemic ailments. Moreover, smoking escalates the risk of developing periodontal disease.

Adhering to good oral hygiene practices, maintaining a balanced diet, and scheduling regular dental visits play crucial roles in mitigating the risk of periodontal disease.

Recognizable signs and symptoms include:

• Bleeding Gums: Healthy gums should not bleed, even with vigorous brushing or flossing.

• Loose Teeth: Indicative of bone loss or weakened periodontal fibers supporting the tooth.

• New Spacing Between Teeth: Arises from bone loss.

• Persistent Bad Breath: Caused by oral bacteria.

• Pus Around Teeth and Gums: A clear sign of infection.

• Receding Gums: Characterized by the loss of gum around a tooth.

• Red and Swollen Gums: Healthy gums should not exhibit these characteristics.

• Tenderness or Discomfort: Irritation caused by plaque, calculus, and bacteria impacting the gums and teeth.